Our sun may be responsible for life on Earth, but the stars throughout the galaxy are also responsible for creating a large number of elements on the schedule of the period. These are some of the basic building blocks of life as well as the basic material that forms planets and other stellar bodies.
But how the stars are formed, evolving, and die in the end?
The answer is partially dependent on the size of the star, and until then, the result may vary based on several factors.
How are stars formed?
Most stars are formed in a similar way. Dust and floating dust and gas in space are eventually called the demolition begin to join blocks. More than these elements begin to get stronger attractiveness, attract more and more materials. These groups will fall up after that with increased density, making them pressed in the most intense core.
With the interaction of these materials, it begins to rotate, and friction begins to heat them. Become hot balls for materials with a lot of Protostars, which are converted into a full star once the interior begins to integrate atoms.
“The star is really born when the atmosphere becomes sufficiently hot in the center so that you can hit hydrogen atoms together and make helium,” says Ashley Villar, astronomer at Harvard University.
The stars then only do this for the rest of their lives. “The stars spend the vast majority of their lives in overcoming hydrogen,” Villar says. But what happens after that depends on the size of the star.
Read more: Some stars are born from the delicate clouds in the early universe
Small stars and sun
The smallest stars – smaller than our sun, for example – may not exceed the phase of hydrogen burning. It is not hot enough to start integrating heavier elements, so it continues in the path of slow burning forever. There are some stars of this type, known as the red dwarves, which have almost existed since the beginning of our world.
“They are just a kind of knockout,” says Villar.
The next category of stars, which is likely to include our sun, will eventually run out of hydrogen, in its heart. At the center, the star then begins to integrate their Helium into carbon. It grows in size when the hydrogen integration is transmitted to the outer layers.
This expanded star is known as a red giant, which appears in an orange color. According to NASA, our sun is scheduled to become a red giant Almost 5 billion years. These outer layers will eventually dissipate gas and dust – they become mainly nebula.
The only thing remaining at this stage is the essence, which begins to calm down. These can be relatively small, around the size of the Earth, but heavy and dense. The gravity is so strong that it will tear anything, even if the temperature is still thousands of temperatures, according to Velar.
The development of huge stars
The biggest stars have a lot of mass to the point that they do not burn easily. Instead, they come out with a stir. Stars that exceed eight times our sun mass pass through the same stages of elements, which are burned through hydrogen.
Once the big star merges helium into the carbon, it then burns through this heavier element, and it is released in the neon. Then it gradually burns from neon in oxygen, then oxygen in the silicone, then silicone in the iron. The last stage lasts only a few days, then the energy produced is not enough to fight its weight.
“It takes more energy to destroy iron more than it is released,” says Villar. In some cases, the essence of these major stars collapses. “It is basically a giant atomic bomb called Supernova.”
The dense nucleus is known as the neutron star. These are more intense copies of the white dwarves, but they are actually smaller, the size of Manhattan.
Our sun is very small so that Supernova cannot go, but a star like our sun, as soon as you become a white dwarf, you can go to Supernova if it is shattered in another white dwarf, or another active star.
Read more: Don’t worry, we are not at risk of going to Supernova
When will the stars become black holes?
Not all big stars become neutron stars. After supernova, some stars can collapse into black holes. This is usually when the star’s remains are very dense so that light cannot even escape gravity.
The black hole can also form when neutron stars are running out of another neutron star, or exploding in an excellent black hole. This type of collision produces a diming explosion of Supernova known as Kilonova.
“[The colliding neutron stars] In fact, pull the time of space with them, we can already hear them. “
Star life cycle
If Supernova, Kilonova, or Black Hole is the peak of the story, there is still a conclusion, and behaves with the great cycle of stellar life. When the star explosions are destroyed, or when the red giants dissipate, the material they leave as a democracy – a floating cloud of dust and gas that may eventually begin to join again to a new star. This demolition can also be formed after black holes swallow a star.
“Black holes can eat the stars, or part of them, then part of the stars explode as expelling,” says Villar.
Although this may not seem common, since we are talking about billions of years lasting, Villar says that the superior algae explodes in our world at one rate per second or so, although current equipment, we only discover 10,000 per annum.
“The stars live and die every day,” she says.
condition sources
Our book is in DiscoverMagazine.com Use studies reviewed by peers and high -quality sources of our articles, and review our editors for scientific accuracy and editorial standards. Review the sources used below for this article:
Joshua Rapp Learn is a DC award writer. One of the expatriates, Albertan, contributes to a number of scientific publications such as National Geographic, New York Times, The Guardian, New Hakai and others.